Physiology and Anatomy of Body Contouring Toronto
Body Contouring Toronto – Brief Statistic
- Statistics Canada (2002)
- Percentage of Canadians considered obese increased from 13% to 15% during the 6 year period from 1994 – 95 to 2000 – 2001
- 2000/2001 Canadian Community Health Survey
- 48% of Canadian adults are overweight, and 15%, or 1 in 7, are obese
Body Contouring in Toronto – Increasing in Popularity
- Body contouring techniques are the most commonly performed aesthetic procedures in North America
- ASPS statistics of cosmetic procedures performed 1992 – 2001:
- Liposuction 313% Increase
- Abdominoplasty 231% Increase
Body Contouring Surgery Toronto?
- Body contouring involves surgical reshaping of specific areas of the body to achieve a more aesthetically pleasing contour.
Pathophysiology of Obesity
- Hirsch & Little (1970) contrasted the cellularity of obese and nonobese adipose tissue:
- Hypertrophic obesity – is the increase in fat storage capacity of existing adipocytes from increasing cell size
- As obesity becomes more severe, postadipocytes likely replicate to form new adipocytes. This occurs when total body fat exceeds 40 kg or >100% of ideal body weight (‘morbid obesity’)
- Hyperplastic obesity – Increased total permanent number of adipocytes from postadipocyte differentiation to accommodate excess lipid storage requirements
- Resistant to weight loss techniques – hyperplasia irreversible
Body Contouring Cellulite
- Cellulite Refers to visible dimpling of skin of buttocks and lower extremities, most often in females
- “Not a pathologic condition, but simply the mechanical result of hypertrophy of the superficial fat cells ” (Illouz, 1990)
- Superficial adipose layer is composed of fat within ‘arches’ of connective tissue – firmly anchored to epidermis above and fascia below
- As fat hypertrophies, tension within fat pockets rises, chambers expand to become visible
- There are 2 types of Cellulite corrected by Body Contouring:
- Cellulite due to hypertrophied fat cells
- Secondary cellulite related to skin laxity
- Related to age, sun damage, massive weight loss, liposuction
- “Entire skin – superficial fat system relaxes and stretches, producing ptosis of soft tissues, pseudo – fat deformity, and cellulite”
- Gravity acts on fibrous septa of the SFS
- Correctable by surgically tightening skin and superficial fascia
Body Contouring Toronto: Cellulite – Male and Female
- Female tissue –expansion of large islands of adipocytes into upper reticular dermis, close to the epidermis resulting visible bulging as cellulite
- Male tissue – fat believed to expand longitudinally , without expansion into the dermis resulting no dimpling
